The value of the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in a watercourse provides a general indication of the water's chemical composition. High TDS implies the presence of dissolved salts, minerals, metals, cations, or anions, which may affect the water's suitability for various uses.
- Aquatic Life: Organisms are adapted to specific TDS ranges. Elevated TDS can disrupt osmoregulation (salt / water balance) in aquatic life, leading to stress or mortality, and can alter the ecosystem balance by favoring certain species over others.
- Human Health: While some dissolved solids are essential for health, excessive levels can be harmful. High TDS water may contain toxic ions or compounds that pose health risks if consumed over long periods.
- Agriculture: Irrigation with high TDS water can lead to soil salinization, negatively affecting plant growth and soil structure.
- Industry: Low TDS is often required for processes to prevent scaling, corrosion, and fouling of equipment. High TDS can increase maintenance costs and reduce the efficiency of industrial operations.
- Taste and Aesthetics: High TDS can affect the taste of water, making it unpalatable. It can also cause aesthetic issues such as staining or deposits on fixtures and utensils.